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Water and Rivers

Yield and N Estimation for dryland cropping
Potential yields are defined by the amount of water made available to a crop. However, actual yield is often constrained by factors such as inadequate nutrition, disease or subsoil constraints dryland agriculture in southern Australia. The balance between availability of water and nitrogen has been shown to impact significantly on yield, grain quality and efficient use of resources. To help farmers achieve this balance, a simple spreadsheet model was developed for estimating potential yield and nitrogen fertiliser requirements.

Yield and N Estimation for dryland cropping

Potential yields are defined by the amount of water made available to a crop. However, actual yield is often constrained by factors such as inadequate nutrition, disease or subsoil constraints dryland agriculture in southern Australia. The balance between availability of water and nitrogen has been shown to impact significantly on yield, grain quality and efficient use of resources. To help farmers achieve this balance, a simple spreadsheet model was developed for estimating potential yield and nitrogen fertiliser requirements.

Wetup
For trickle irrigation systems to deliver improved water and nutrient use efficiency, distance between emitters and emitter flow rates must be matched to the soil's wetting characteristics and the amount and timing of water to be supplied to the crop. Broad soil texture ranges are usually the only information related to soil wetting used in trickle system designs. WetUp allows calculation of wetting pattern dimensions for 29 individual soils covering a wide range of textures and soil hydraulic properties.

Wetup

For trickle irrigation systems to deliver improved water and nutrient use efficiency, distance between emitters and emitter flow rates must be matched to the soil's wetting characteristics and the amount and timing of water to be supplied to the crop. Broad soil texture ranges are usually the only information related to soil wetting used in trickle system designs. WetUp allows calculation of wetting pattern dimensions for 29 individual soils covering a wide range of textures and soil hydraulic properties.

Water Solute and Isotope Balance
A lumped water, solute and isotope mass balance model for surface water bodies. This model can be coupled to the hydro-geo-chemical models PHREEQ*(USGS) and the high-salinity hydro-geo-chemical model PHRQPITZ (Plummer et al., USGS) to predict chemical composition of saline waters. The use of solutes and isotopes in the mass balance enables unknown components of the water balance to be found with greater reliability. Output could be used to estimate salt loads in rivers and lakes, and to determine the effects of increased salt loads from drainage on downstream lakes.

Water Solute and Isotope Balance

A lumped water, solute and isotope mass balance model for surface water bodies. This model can be coupled to the hydro-geo-chemical models PHREEQ*(USGS) and the high-salinity hydro-geo-chemical model PHRQPITZ (Plummer et al., USGS) to predict chemical composition of saline waters. The use of solutes and isotopes in the mass balance enables unknown components of the water balance to be found with greater reliability. Output could be used to estimate salt loads in rivers and lakes, and to determine the effects of increased salt loads from drainage on downstream lakes.

Water ReAllocation Model (WRAM)
The purpose of WRAM (Water ReAllocation Model) is to determine optimal water allocation and reallocation in terms of crop planting decisions and irrigation water requirements. As a by-product, WRAM simulates trading of water entitlements between irrigation areas, and generates water accounts for economic impact analysis. In addition, WRAM performs input-output analysis to evaluate the impact of water trading and reallocation on regional economy.

Water ReAllocation Model (WRAM)

The purpose of WRAM (Water ReAllocation Model) is to determine optimal water allocation and reallocation in terms of crop planting decisions and irrigation water requirements. As a by-product, WRAM simulates trading of water entitlements between irrigation areas, and generates water accounts for economic impact analysis. In addition, WRAM performs input-output analysis to evaluate the impact of water trading and reallocation on regional economy.

Urban Salinity Economic Assessment Package (USEAP)
USEAP is a useful tool for determining the cost of alternative salinity management strategies in rural towns. It could be used to contribute to an overall BCA for a regional investment plan, although it will require quite detailed groundwater predictions at townsite scale for it to be sufficiently useful. USEAP is intended to help users decide on the most economically efficient choice of measures to control rising saline groundwater table in an urban area.

Urban Salinity Economic Assessment Package (USEAP)

USEAP is a useful tool for determining the cost of alternative salinity management strategies in rural towns. It could be used to contribute to an overall BCA for a regional investment plan, although it will require quite detailed groundwater predictions at townsite scale for it to be sufficiently useful. USEAP is intended to help users decide on the most economically efficient choice of measures to control rising saline groundwater table in an urban area.

TT.1 Targets Tool
TT.1 is an interactive spatial decision support system developed to assist the catchment planning process in NSW. It should be universally applicable although it has not been tested in other areas. Provide decision support for spatial planning at catchment scale, in particular, spatial allocation of investment to achieve natural resource management targets.

TOPOG
Predict the effect of management decisions on water, sediment, nutrient and pesticide yields with reasonable accuracy on large, ungauged river basins. TOPOG is a terrain analysis-based hydrologic modelling package. TOPOG describes how water moves through landscapes; over the land surface, into the soil, through the soil and groundwater and back to the atmosphere via evaporation. Conservative solute movement and sediment transport are also simulated.

TOPOG

Predict the effect of management decisions on water, sediment, nutrient and pesticide yields with reasonable accuracy on large, ungauged river basins. TOPOG is a terrain analysis-based hydrologic modelling package. TOPOG describes how water moves through landscapes; over the land surface, into the soil, through the soil and groundwater and back to the atmosphere via evaporation. Conservative solute movement and sediment transport are also simulated.

Tasmanian Land Use Change and Stream Flow (TasLUCaS)
A generic approach for including the effects of land use changes in catchment management decisions is described and applied to a small number of catchments in Tasmania. The predictive approach is formalised in a simple decision support system, TasLUCaS. TasLUCaS enables the prediction of mean annual streamflow for user-defined, map-driven, land use change scenarios. For catchments where streamflow has been measured, TasLUCaS provides a method for changing the simulated distribution of daily flows using flow duration curves thus enabling users to assess the impact of land use change on high and low flows in gauged catchments for a range of land use change scenarios.

Tasmanian Land Use Change and Stream Flow (TasLUCaS)

A generic approach for including the effects of land use changes in catchment management decisions is described and applied to a small number of catchments in Tasmania. The predictive approach is formalised in a simple decision support system, TasLUCaS. TasLUCaS enables the prediction of mean annual streamflow for user-defined, map-driven, land use change scenarios. For catchments where streamflow has been measured, TasLUCaS provides a method for changing the simulated distribution of daily flows using flow duration curves thus enabling users to assess the impact of land use change on high and low flows in gauged catchments for a range of land use change scenarios.

Spatialise
Spatialise is a spatial multi-criteria analaysis system. It can be used to answer questions such as: Where to prioritise which environmental actions Siting production systems in the landscape Prioritising energy and water options

Spatialise

Spatialise is a spatial multi-criteria analaysis system. It can be used to answer questions such as:

Where to prioritise which environmental actions
Siting production systems in the landscape
Prioritising energy and water options

Soil Water Infiltration and Movement (SWIM)
The overall purpose of SWIM is to provide a tool to address issues relating to the soil water and solute balance. SWIM is a point, short time-step model that simulates runoff, infiltration, redistribution, solute transport and redistribution of solutes, plant uptake and transpiration, soil evaporation, deep drainage and leaching. The overall purpose of the model is to address issues relating to the soil water and solute balance. As such it is a research tool that can be integrated in laboratory and field studies concerned with soil water and solute transport. It is also suitable for management and education.

Soil Water Infiltration and Movement (SWIM)

The overall purpose of SWIM is to provide a tool to address issues relating to the soil water and solute balance. SWIM is a point, short time-step model that simulates runoff, infiltration, redistribution, solute transport and redistribution of solutes, plant uptake and transpiration, soil evaporation, deep drainage and leaching. The overall purpose of the model is to address issues relating to the soil water and solute balance. As such it is a research tool that can be integrated in laboratory and field studies concerned with soil water and solute transport. It is also suitable for management and education.

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